For some children, refusing to brush their teeth isn’t simply about not wanting to do it. Toothbrushing can involve several uncomfortable sensations at once—the taste or smell of toothpaste, bristles against the gums, foaming, water, sounds, or having something inside the mouth. Instead of beginning with the expectation of completing a full brushing routine, break the skill into much smaller experiences. Your child might begin by exploring a toothbrush, choosing a preferred brush or toothpaste, brushing a toy’s teeth, touching the toothbrush to their hand or lips, and eventually tolerating a few gentle strokes on their teeth. Keep practice brief and low-pressure. Stop before your child becomes highly distressed whenever possible, and gradually build from what they can currently tolerate. Visual supports, predictable routines and choices can also make toothbrushing easier to anticipate. The goal is not to force your way through today’s brushing. It is to gradually help your child develop a dental-care routine they can participate in with greater comfort and independence. Building a safe and positive experience is an important step for long term success.